




.NET Common Language Runtime (CLR)
.NET CLR is a run-time environment that manages and executes the code written in any .NET programming language.
It converts code into native code which further can be executed by the CPU.
.NET CLR Functions
Following are the functions of the CLR.

It converts the program into native code.
Handles Exceptions
Provides type-safety
Memory management
Provides security
Improved performance
Language independent
Platform independent
Garbage collection
Provides language features such as inheritance, interfaces, and overloading for object-oriented programmings.

.NET CLR Versions
The CLR updates itself time to time to provide better performance.


.NET version
CLR version


1.0
1.0


1.1
1.1


2.0
2.0


3.0
2.0


3.5
2.0


4
4


4.5
4


4.6
4


4.6
4


.NET CLR Structure
Following is the component structure of Common Language Runtime.



Base Class Library Support
It is a class library that provides support of classes to the .NET application.
Thread Support
It manages the parallel execution of the multi-threaded application.
COM Marshaler
It provides communication between the COM objects and the application.
Type Checker
It checks types used in the application and verifies that they match to the standards provided by the CLR.
Code Manager
It manages code at execution run-time.
Garbage Collector
It releases the unused memory and allocates it to a new application.
Exception Handler
It handles the exception at runtime to avoid application failure.
ClassLoader
It is used to load all classes at run time.














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